Search results for "process simulator"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
A simulation tool for analysis and design of reverse electrodialysis using concentrated brines
2015
Abstract Reverse electrodialysis (SGP-RE or RED) represents a viable technology for the conversion of the salinity gradient power into electric power. A comprehensive model is proposed for the RED process using sea or brackish water and concentrated brine as feed solutions. The goals were (i) reliably describing the physical phenomena involved in the process and (ii) providing information for optimal equipment design. For such purposes, the model has been developed at two different scales of description: a lower scale for the repeating unit of the system (cell pair), and a higher scale for the entire equipment (stack). The model was implemented in a process simulator, validated against orig…
A multi-scale tool for simulating electrodialysis with bipolar membranes systems
2022
In recent years, the global capacity of the desalination industry has increased to address freshwater scarcity, with reverse osmosis established as the leading technology. Brine disposal is a major issue due to the environmental impacts. However, novel brine management methods are oriented by (near) Zero Liquid Discharge strategies towards waste disposal minimization and resource recovery. In this context, ElectroDialysis with Bipolar Membranes (EDBM) can be utilised to valorise and, thus, repurpose the waste brine, thereby producing valuable chemicals, such as acid and base solutions, and recovering desalted water. However, the EDBM system must be carefully designed to meet the process req…
Modeling and Design of Membrane Integrated Processes for HCl and Metals Recovery from Pickling Solutions
2018
Hydrochloric acid pickling is a common practice in steel manufacturing industry. During the process, acid is consumed to dissolve surface oxides and metals are accumulated in the solution. This fact leads to a process efficiency decrease. Continuous regeneration of pickling solutions enhances process rate and performance, but also minimises the highly expensive and environmentally risky wastewater disposal. The recovery of valuable substances (e.g. acid and metals) can be accomplished by coupling diffusion dialysis (DD) and membrane distillation (MD) technologies. In the present work, a steady state process simulator for the integrated process has been developed. The aim is to analyze and p…
Modeling and Design of Membrane Process Recovery of HCl and Metals from Pickling Solutions
2018
Abstract Hydrochloric acid pickling is one of the key steps in the hot-dip galvanizing process. It is a process widely used as a chemical pre-treatment method for cleaning, where metal surfaces with oxides are immersed into an acid solution. During the pickling process, the acid concentration decreases with time while the metal is accumulated. Thus, the efficiency of the pickling solution decreases and fresh solution must be used. Continuous regeneration of pickling solutions enhances pickling rate and process performance, but also minimises industrial wastewater disposal and chemicals consumption. The recovery and recycling process of valuable substances (e.g. acid and metals) can be accom…
Hierarchical modelling of electrodialysis desalination process
2017
In recent years, thanks to the development of ion exchange membranes (IEMs) manufacturing industry, Electrodialysis (ED) is spreading as a viable alternative to the more common membrane desalination processes. Therefore, many research efforts have been recently devoted to studying this process both via experimental and modelling activities. In the present work a novel mathematical model for ED was developed using a multi-scale approach. This method allows to build a hierarchical simulation tool that is able to gauge the impact of all the phenomena involved in the process. The lower-hierarchy model describes the behaviour of the elementary unit of an ED stack, namely cell pair. This model is…
Analysis and simulation of scale-up potentials in reverse electrodialysis
2015
The Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) process has been widely accepted as a viable and promising technology to produce electric energy from salinity difference (salinity gradient power - e.g. using river water/seawater, or seawater and concentrated brines). Recent R&D efforts demonstrated how an appropriate design of the RED unit and a suitable selection of process conditions may crucially enhance the process performance. With this regard, a process simulator was developed and validated with experimental data collected on a lab-scale unit, providing a new modelling tool for process optimisation. In this work, performed within the REAPower project (www.reapower.eu), a process simulator previousl…
Design of a novel membrane-integrated waste acid recovery process from pickling solution
2019
Abstract Hydrochloric acid pickling is a common practice in steel manufacturing industry. During the process, acid is consumed to dissolve surface oxides and metals ions are accumulated in the solution, which becomes less effective with time. In addition, the costly and risky waste acid disposal is another issue affecting the hot-dip galvanizing industry. In this work, a novel sustainable waste acid recovery process from pickling solutions based on circular approach is proposed to tackle these issues. The innovative system allows (i) the continuous regeneration of pickling solutions to enhance process rate and performance and (ii) minimise the highly expensive and environmentally risky wast…
Modelling of Electrodialysis units by a multi-scale process simulator
Drinking water production by desalination is an interesting alternative to face water scarcity issues. Electrodialysis (ED) is an electro-membrane process that is actually gaining attention as a competitive alternative for seawater and brackish water desalination due to recent developments in manufacturing of high performance ion exchange membranes (IEMs). In this context, a suitable process simulator can be a very effective tool in order to drive the design of optimized ED systems. In this work a novel mathematical model of ED units was developed by a hierarchical simulation strategy of separation of scales, in order to address the full simulation problem. The model was implemented in PSE …
A comprehensive multi-scale model for bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED)
2022
Bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) is a technology combining solute and solvent dissociation to produce chemicals. In the recent decades, it has been typically studied for the production of valuable acid and base solutions from salt streams. Although many works have been devoted to the experimental investigation of BMED, only a few efforts have focused on its mathematical modelling. In the present work, a comprehensive process model based on a multi-scale approach with distributed parameters is presented for the first time. Five models related to four different dimensional scales were fully integrated to form a comprehensive tool. The integrated model was developed by using the process…
Reverse Electrodialysis Process: Analysis of Optimal Conditions for Process Scale-up
2014
Reverse Electrodialysis (SGP-RE or RED) process has been widely accepted as a viable and promising technology to produce electric energy from salinity difference (i.e salinity gradient power - e.g. using river water/seawater, or seawater and concentrated brines). Recent R&D efforts demonstrated how an appropriate design of the SGP-RE unit and a suitable selection of process conditions may crucially enhance the process performance. With this regard, a process simulator was developed and validated with experimental data collected on a lab-scale unit, providing a new modelling tool for process optimisation. In this work, performed within the REAPower project (www.reapower.eu), the process simu…